Preventing and responding to gender-based and domestic violence remains a key priority for the Ministry of Social Welfare, Family Care and Demography of Montenegro. Through legislative reforms, expanded support services, and stronger coordination across institutions, the Ministry is working to ensure that victims and survivors receive timely protection and person-centred support. On the occasion of International Women’s Day on 8 March, ESN aims to highlight Montenegro’s progress in this area.  

A central pillar of this work is the implementation of the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (also known as the Istanbul Convention). Montenegro has adopted a National Action Plan for the implementation of the Convention covering the period 2023 to 2027. This plan sets out a comprehensive framework to strengthen prevention and improve protection, in line with the obligations arising from the Istanbul Convention and within the broader framework of the EU accession process 

In this regard, Montenegro has expanded the range of services available to victims and survivors. Currently, support includes a national 24/7 SOS hotline, counselling and psychological assistance, temporary accommodation, and six licensed shelters with a total capacity of 77 places, exceeding the minimum standards set by the Istanbul Convention. A specialised shelter also exists for victims of sexual exploitation. 

Additionally, several legislative reforms are currently underway. Montenegro’s Criminal Code has been adapted to criminalise domestic violence, stalking, forced marriage, sexual violence and rape, among others. This means that the murder of a woman or another person committed from motives based on gender identity shall be considered aggravated murder 

A new Law on Social and Child Protection has been adopted to formally recognise rape crisis centres and strengthen counselling and psychological support services. This law will establish a public institution for the protection of children, adults, and elderly victims of sexual violence, which will include two units: one dedicated to the protection of children following the Barnahus model, and the other consisting of crisis centres for adult victims of sexual violence. In the future, the Ministry aims to improve financial protection for victims during divorce proceedings. 

Looking ahead, the Ministry plans to establish three rape crisis centres across the country. These centres will provide integrated services including emergency accommodation, medical care, forensic examinations, psychological support, legal aid, and assistance with social reintegration. The aim is to ensure that survivors can access comprehensive support in one place during the critical first hours after an assault, in line with a person-centred approach. 

In line with Montenegro’s goal of becoming an EU Member State by 2028, Montenegro’s reforms are closely linked to its alignment with European standards. In the coming years, priorities will include establishing a permanent national coordination body, expanding shelter capacity, strengthening data systems, and ensuring sustainable funding for specialised services. Through these measures, Montenegro aims to build stronger institutional responses and increase trust among survivors seeking protection and support.